9 replies to this topic

[vizskywalker]

For months now I have been trying t o do assembly programming in SVGA. I am doing 16 bit assembly, not 32 bit , so I do not have an API to use. I have been to the VESA page and downloaded their standards. But when entering a lot of the video modes, The screen goes into power saving mode. Any help on resolving this issue would be helpful. And it is a problem with every computer I try it on, so it is not a hardware problem.

[zomo]

No need to use their standards, just use interrupt 10h to do that, I show you how to program VESA 1.2 because VESA 2.0 is protected mode programing.

1. You need to gather information about requested graphics mode,
2. you must initialize that mode,

3. switch bank, if needed (in VESA you have access to memory across bank)
4. draw

I give you some code in Pascal/Assembler:

 TModeInfo = Record
    ModeAttributes    :Word;
    WinAAttributes    :Byte;
    WinBAttributes    :Byte;
    WinGranularity    :Word;
    WinSize           :Word;
    WinASegment       :Word;
    WinBSegment       :Word;
    BankSwitch        :Pointer;
    BytesPerScanLine  :Word;
    XResolution       :Word;
    YResolution       :Word;
    Reserved          :Array[0..233] of Byte;
  End;

Var
  ActualBank :Word;
  BankSwitch :Pointer;

{/---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Name: GetModeInfo(Mode: Integer; ModeInfo: TModeInfo)
  Desc:
  Exp.: GetModeInfo($114,ModeInfo); $114 = 800x600 (64K Colors)
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------}
Procedure GetModeInfo(Mode: Integer; ModeInfo: TModeInfo); Assembler;
Asm
       push    es
       push    di
       push    cx

       les     di, ModeInfo
       mov     cx, Mode
       mov     ax, 4F01h
       int     10h

       mov     ax, word ptr es:[di+0].(TModeInfo).BankSwitch
       mov     word ptr [BankSwitch+0], ax
       mov     ax, word ptr es:[di+2].(TModeInfo).BankSwitch
       mov     word ptr [BankSwitch+2], ax

       pop     cx
       pop     di
       pop     es
End; { GetModeInfo }

{/---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Name: SetVesaMode(Mode: Integer)
  Desc:
  Exp.: SetVesaMode($114);
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------}

Procedure SetVesaMode(Mode: Integer); Assembler;
Asm
       push    bx
       mov     bx, Mode
       mov     ax, 4F02h
       int     10h
       pop     bx
End; { SetVesaMode }

This is pure assembler procedure, in Pascal you need write their prototype.

;/---------------------------------------------------------------------------
;  Name:  Vesa_PutPixel_800x600x64
;  Desc:
;/---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vesa_PutPixel_800x600x64  PROC FAR USES ebx ecx edx esi edi es, \
                               x :DWORD, y :DWORD, r :BYTE, g :BYTE,  b :BYTE
       mov     eax, y
       mov     ebx, eax
       mov     edx, eax
       shl     eax, 10
       shl     ebx, 9
       shl     edx, 6
       add     eax, ebx
       add     eax, edx
       mov     ecx, x
       shl     ecx, 1
       add     eax, ecx
       mov     esi, eax
       shr     esi, 16
       mov     cx, si
       mov     ebx, esi
       shl     ebx, 16
       sub     eax, ebx
       mov     di, ax

       mov     ax, ActualBank
       cmp     ax, cx
       je      @@1
       xor     bx, bx
       mov     dx, cx
       call    dword ptr [BankSwitch]

@@1:   mov     ax, 0A000h
       mov     es, ax
       mov     si, di
       mov     al, r
       shl     ax, 6
       add     al, g
       shl     ax, 5
       add     al, b
       mov     word ptr es:[si], ax
       mov     ActualBank, cx
RET

Vesa_PutPixel_800x600x64  ENDP

[Dirk Wolfgang Glomp]

VESA Programming
This pure 16 Bit DOS aplication below demonstrate how to use a vesamode with a resolution of 1024 x 768 x 32 with an own refreshrate of 100hz and additionaly it demonstrate how to use the linear framebuffer with hardware triple buffering.
To enable an access to the linear framebuffer i prefer the unrealmode/bigrealmode. For to use the unrealmode/bigrealmode we have to remove/REM any memmory manager like emm386.exe in our config.sys before. After rebooting without it we can start the aplication.

Goal of the aplication: If the application starts without any error message, then the application switch into the vesamode and begin to move some balls across the screen and if they reached a border of the screen, then they turn their direction.
For to terminate the application and to switch back to DOS in the textmode(3) please press any key on your keyboard.

Minimum system requirements:
Operating system: DOS 5, 6, or DOS 7 (a part of Windows98/ME) // Not working under Windows(DOSbox) and not working with a memmory manager like emm386.exe.
MMX-CPU (tested on AMD Palomino 1800+@1550mhz and on AMD Tbred 2700+@2100mhz; Socket A mainboard with AGP)
Fully working vesa 3 Bios (tested on MSI NVIDIA Geforce 4 TI 4200 64MB AGPx4 // failed with Powercolor ATI x800 pro(VBE3 256MB AGPx8))
CRT-Monitor with DDC and 96 khz (tested on 19" Samsung 940 and on 19" SAMTRON 96P)

Used public documents from vesa.org(register and/or login):
EEDIDguideV1.pdf
vbe3.pdf

...

Sorry, because i reached the limit for to post here i have to split the source-Code in two or tree parts looking forward to my next post.
But all lines of the source must be in one file for to assemble it. So you have to merge it together.

This is the first part of the source-code:

;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; I have written this sourcecode for MASM 5.
; Example for to generate a 16 bit executable for a pure DOS-enviroment:
; MASM /Z FILENAME.asm,FILENAME.obj,,
; LINK /CP:1 FILENAME.obj,FILENAME.exe,,,
;--------------------------------------------
; Legal situation: No personalised spiritual ownership or liquidication rights for usement,
; or for spreading out aviable, because all ideas are (at all hazards) only a small part of the
; heritage of our common human culture and nobody can progress an idea without to make a use
; of our all intergenerational relationships beginning from our roots thousands of years ago.
;--------------------------------------------
; Freeware and a wide-ranging transparency in the world helps a lot for to establish a social freedom and a gracefull living.
; But additional We have to act very soon for to feed all humans and to stop the immiseration in the world.
; Over one billion of humans are very hungry today, yesterday, the day before yesterday............
; They all will die very painfully, if we can´t stop that with the highest ermergency now.
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.MODEL SMALL						  ; We want a small aplication
.386P								 ; Enable protectmode instructions
.387								  ; Enable FPU instructions
;--------------------------------------
	MaxX		 =	   1024		 ; Horizontal resolution of the requested vesamode
	MaxY		 =		768		 ; Vertical resolution

	MAXHZ		=		160		 ; CRT-Monitor: HZ
	MAXKHZ	   =		 96		 ; KHZ

	KreiFa	   =   00FFDD00h		; Circel Color
	Vring		=   00030400h		; Color decrement
	Groesse	  =		02Dh		; Radius of the ball (2Dh)
	XPos		 =	 Groesse		; Position of the ball
	YPos		 =	 Groesse

	Anzahl	   =		 35h		; Number of Objects (max.255)
	HFarb		=	0; 0100A03h	; Background Color

	Max_X		=   (MaxX-(XPos*2))-9; Max and min
	Max_Y		=	MaxY-(YPos*2)   ;  X/Y Position
	Min_X		=		 9		  ;   of the movement area
	Min_Y		=		 9

	IRQs_Port	=		 21h		; Port-Adress: IRQ-Controller
	Tast_Port	=		 60h		; Port-Adress: Keyboard-Controller
	Stat_Port	=		 64h		; Port-Adress: Keyboard-Status
	Cmos_Port	=		 70h		; Port-Adress: Bios-Cmos-Chip

	Cr		   =		 0Dh		; Carriage Return
	Lf		   =		 0Ah		; Line Feed

	Ausri		=		 16		 ; Bytes for code alignment
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  CODE SEGMENT use16 'CODE'
 assume cs:CODE,ds:DATEN,ss:STAPEL
 org 100h
;--------------------------------------
START:	mov	  eax, 1			 ; Request for feature flags
	   DB 0Fh, 0A2h				   ; CPUID instruction
		  test	 edx, 00800000h	 ;  is MMX feature flag(bit 23) set?
		  jz  NOMMX

		  mov	  ax, DATEN		  ; Store relative Segmentadress of the Datasegment
	  mov	  ds, ax			 ;  into DS-Segmentregister
	  mov	  es, ax			 ;  into ES-Segmentregister
	  mov	  di, OFFSET VINF	; Buffer(512 Bytes) for VESA-Info
	  mov	  ax, 4F00h		  ; Function 0
	  int	10h				  ; Get up to 512 Bytes es:di (Datasegment:VINF)
	  cmp	  ax, 4Fh			;  succsesfull ?
	  jnz NOVESA				  ;   else error: no Vesabios aviable
	  cmp	 Byte PTR[di+5], 3   ; Compare major version number of Vesa
	  jb  NOVESA3				 ;  lesser than Version 3 ?
	  lfs	  si, [di+0Eh]	   ; Get pointer of Modelist in FS:SI
MODE:	 mov	  cx, fs:[si]		; Get Modenumber
	  lea	  si, [si+2]		 ; Instead of "add si,2" (increase Offset of modelist)
	  cmp	  cx, 0FFFFh		 ; End of list ?
	  jnz NOMODE
		  add	  cx, 4000h + 800h   ; VESAnumber + linear + CRTC
	  mov	  ax, 4F01h		  ; Get Mode Info
		  mov	  di, OFFSET MINF	; Buffer(256 Bytes) for Mode Info
	  int	10h
	  cmp	  ax, 4Fh
	  jnz NOVESA
	  cmp	 Word PTR[di+12h], MaxX
		  jnz MODE
		  cmp	 Word PTR[di+14h], MaxY
		  jnz MODE
	  cmp	 BYTE PTR[di+19h],20h; 32 Bits per pixel?
		  jnz MODE
	  and	 BYTE PTR[di], 80h   ; Linear access enable ?
		  jz  NOLIN
	  mov	  eax,[di+28h]
		  and	  eax, eax		   ; Check if the linear Offset to the framebuffer is aviable ?
		  jz  NOLIN
		  mov	  bp, cx			 ; Store the modenumber
;--------------------------------------
		  mov	  ax, 4F0Bh		  ; Get/set Pixel-Clock
		  mov	  dx, cx
		  xor	  bl, bl			 ; Get
		  mov	  ecx, DWORD PTR[PIXCLOC]
		  int	10h
		  cmp	  ax, 4Fh
		  jnz NOCLOC				  ; Error: No pixelcloc
		  mov	  DWORD PTR[PIXCLOC], ecx
;--------------------------
		  xor	  eax, eax		   ; Calculate Refreshrate
		  mov	  ax, [CRTC]		 ; Horizontal Total
		  xor	  ebx, ebx
		  mov	  bx, [VERTOTA]	  ; Vertikal Total
		  mul	  ebx
		  mov	  ebx, eax
		  mov	  eax, ecx		   ; Pixelcloc
		  mov	  esi, 10
		  xor	  edx, edx
		  div	  esi
		  xor	  edx, edx
		  div	  ebx
		  mov	  [REFRATE], ax	  ; RefreshRate=Pixelcloc/(HTotal*Vtotal)
;--------------------------------------
	  mov	  ax, 4F15h		  ; DDC - INSTALLATION CHECK
	  mov	  bl, 0			  ;  for to get the monitor information
	  int	10h
	  cmp	  ax, 4Fh
	  jnz NODDC
	  mov	  ax, 4F15h		  ; DDC - READ EDID
	  mov	  bl, 1
	  xor	  cx, cx
	  xor	  dx, dx
	  mov	  di, OFFSET EDID
	  int	10h
	  mov	  eax, 0FD000000h	; Text-identifier V/H range
	  mov	  bx, 36h
	  cmp	  [di+bx], eax	   ; di+36h detailed timing #1
	  jz  short H1
	  add	  bx, 12h
	  cmp	  [di+bx], eax	   ; di+48h detailed timing #2
	  jz  short H1
	  add	  bx, 12h
	  cmp	  [di+bx], eax	   ; di+5Ah detailed timing #3
	  jz  short H1
	  add	  bx, 12h
	  cmp	  [di+bx], eax	   ; di+6Ch detailed timing #4
	  jnz NODDC
H1:	   cmp	 BYTE PTR[di+bx+6], MAXHZ
		  jb  NOHZ
	  cmp	 BYTE PTR[di+bx+8], MAXKHZ
		  jb  NOKHZ
;--------------------------------------
		  mov	  ax, 4F02h		  ; Switch to the requested vesamode
		  mov	  bx, bp			 ;  with an access to the linear framebuffer
		  mov	  di, OFFSET CRTC	;  and with an own Video-Timing(..refreshrate)
		  int	10h
		  cmp	  ax, 4Fh
		  jnz NOMODE				  ; ERROR: No Vesamode
;-----------------Switch to the unrealmode----------------------------------
		  cli						 ; Dissable software-Interrupts
		  mov	  al, 2			  ; Dissable IRQ 1
		  out	  IRQs_Port, al

		  in	   al, Cmos_Port	  ; Dissable Non-Mask-Interrupts(NMIs)
		  or	   al, 80h
		  out	  Cmos_Port, al

		  call ESEG				   ; Switch to the Unrealmode(Enhance segment)
		  mov	  ax, DATEN
		  mov	  ds, ax

		  in	   al, Cmos_Port	  ; Enable NMI's
		  and	  al, 7Fh
		  out	  Cmos_Port, al
		  sti						 ; Enable Software-Interrupts
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Create an Offset table of startadresses of any line of the linear framebuffer
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
		  call PIXOFF				 ; ...placed in the beginning of the data segment
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
		  finit					   ; Paint a ball
		  mov	 DWORD PTR[XM], XPos
		  mov	 DWORD PTR[YM], YPos
		  mov	 DWORD PTR[COL], KreiFa
		  mov	  ecx, 1			 ; Radius
RUND:	 call KREIS				  ;  Root-Circle
		  lea	  ecx, [ecx+1]	   ; inc ecx
		  sub	 DWORD PTR[COL], Vring; Color decreasing
		  cmp	  ecx, Groesse
		  jnz RUND
;--------------------------------------
		  call TABELLE				; Create a sprite-table of any colored pixel of the the screen
;--------------------------------------
		  mov	  si, OFFSET BALL	; Clear the screen from the ball
		  xor	  eax, eax		   ; Color black
OBJLO:	mov	  ebx, [si]		  ; Get the Offset
		  lea	  si, [si+8]		 ; add si, 8
		  mov	  [ebx], eax		 ; To the screen
		  cmp	  si, bp			 ;  End of table ?
		  jb  OBJLO
;-------------------------set all balls to the screen-----------------------
		  mov	  si, OFFSET SX0	 ; Offset of Position-Table
		  mov	  di, OFFSET STEP0X  ; Offset of Stepper-Table

HIN:	  mov	  ebx, [si]		  ; Get X-Position
		  mov	  eax, [di]		  ; Get X-Stepper
		  mov	  ecx, [si+4]		; Get Y-Position
		  mov	  edx, [di+4]		; Get Y-Stepper

		  shl	  ebx, 2			 ; X * 4 Byte (true color)
		  shl	  eax, 2			 ; X-Stepper * 4 Byte (true color)
		  mov	  ecx, [ecx*4]	   ; Get line
		  mov	  edx, [edx*4]	   ; Get Stepper-line
		  sub	  ecx, DWORD PTR[PIXTAB]; Substract linear screen-Offset
		  sub	  edx, DWORD PTR[PIXTAB]; Substract linear screen-Offset

		  mov	  [si], ebx		  ; Write X back
		  mov	  [si+4], ecx		; Write Y back as line
		  lea	  si, [si+8]		 ; add si,8
		  mov	  [di], eax		  ; Write back X-Stepper
		  mov	  [di+4], edx		; Write back Y-Step as Step-line
		  lea	  di, [di+8]		 ; add di,8
		  cmp	  si, Anzahl*8+OFFSET SX0
		  jb  HIN
;--------------------------------------
		  mov	  edx, DWORD PTR[PICAKT]; Get the actual adress of the framebuffer
;--------------------------------------
		  mov	  bx, OFFSET HINFAR  ; Background color
	   DB 0Fh, 6Fh, 7				 ; MOVQ mm0, [bx]
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	   DB  0EAh					   ; Clear Prefetch-buffer:
	   DW  (OFFSET ACTION)			; The following lines create
	   DW  (SEG ACTION)			   ;  the opcode of "JMP FAR CS:ACTION"
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;						  M  A  i  N  -  R  O  U  T  I  N  E
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri; Code-Alignment
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACTION:   mov	  ebx, edx			 ; Movement and checking if a ball
		  mov	  ecx, DWORD PTR[PICLEN];  reached a border
		  mov	  si, OFFSET SX0	   ; Offset of Position-Table
		  mov	  di, OFFSET STEP0X	; Offset of Stepper-Table
		  add	  ebx, DWORD PTR[PIXTAB]
		  shr	  ecx, 3
										; Beginning with to clear the screen
CLEAN:  DB 67h, 0Fh, 7Fh, 3			 ; MOVQ [ebx], mm0
		  lea	  ebx, [ebx+8]		 ; add bx,8
		  dec	  ecx
		  jnz CLEAN
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ALL:	  mov	  ebx, [si]			; Get X-Position
		  cmp	 BYTE PTR[di+S_Len], 1 ; Compare Plus/Minus-XFlag
		  jz  short FRAGX1			  ;  if minus, then jump

FRAGX0:   cmp	  ebx, Max_X * 4	   ; Compare X-Position with max.-X
		  jb  short MAKEX0			  ;  if less, then jump
		  mov	 BYTE PTR[di+S_Len], 1 ; Set Minus-XFlag
MAKEX1:   sub	  ebx, [di]			; X - XStepper 
		  jmp  short ALLX
;--------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;--------------------------------------
FRAGX1:   cmp	  ebx, Min_X * 4	   ; Compare X-Position with min.-X
		  ja  short MAKEX1			  ;  if above, the jump
		  mov	 BYTE PTR[di+S_Len], 0 ; Set Plus-XFlag
MAKEX0:   add	  ebx, [di]			; X + XStepper 
ALLX:	 mov	  [si], ebx			; save X-Position
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
		  mov	  ecx, [si+4]		  ; Get line
		  cmp	 BYTE PTR[di+S_Len+1],1; Compare Plus/Minus-line-Flag
		  jz  short FRAGY1			  ;  if minus, then jump

FRAGY0:   cmp	  ecx, Max_Y * (MaxX*4); Compare line with max.line
		  jb  short MAKEY0			  ;  if lesser, then jump
		  mov	 BYTE PTR[di+S_Len+1],1; Set Minus-lineflag
MAKEY1:   sub	  ecx, [di+4]		  ; Line - linestepper 
		  jmp  short ALLY
;--------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;--------------------------------------
FRAGY1:   cmp	  ecx, Min_Y * (MaxX*4); Compare line with min.line
		  ja  short MAKEY1			  ;  if above, then jump
		  mov	 BYTE PTR[di+S_Len+1],0; Plus-YFlag setzen
MAKEY0:   add	  ecx, [di+4]		  ; Line + linestepper 
ALLY:	 mov	  [si+4], ecx		  ; Save new line

		  lea	  si, [si+8]		   ; Increase Table-Offset (Position)
		  add	  ecx, ebx			 ; Line plus X
		  mov	  [RETTSI], si
		  mov	  si, OFFSET BALL	  ; Table-Offset start
		  add	  ecx, edx
OBJECT:   mov	  ebx, [si]			; Get Sprite-Offset from Table
		  mov	  eax, [si+4]		  ; Get color from Table
		  lea	  si, [si+8]		   ; Increase Tablen-Offset
		  mov	  [ebx+ecx], eax	   ; Color to the screen
		  cmp	  si, bp			   ;  End of Table ?
		  jb  OBJECT

		  mov	  si, [RETTSI]
		  lea	  di, [di+8]		   ; Increase Table-Offset (Stepper)
		  cmp	  si, Anzahl*8+OFFSET SX0; Table-End ?
		  jb  ALL
;--------------switch the screen adress using triple buffering------------
		  cmp	  BYTE PTR[FLAG], 0
		  jz  short ASUK

BSUK:	 mov	  ecx, edx			; Display-Start-Adress
		  mov	  bx, 4			   ; Wait until Display shedule
		  mov	  ax, 4F07h
		  int 10h
		  and	  cx, cx
		  jnz BSUK
;--------------------------------------
ASUK:	 mov	  ecx, edx			; Display-Start-Adress
		  add	  edx, DWORD PTR[PICLEN]; Get new Adress
		  mov	  bx, 2			   ; Shedule new Display-Start-Adress
		  mov	  ax, 4F07h
		  int 10h

		  mov	 BYTE PTR[FLAG], 1
		  cmp	  edx, DWORD PTR[PICMAX]
		  jna short NODO
		  xor	  edx, edx
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NODO:	 in	   al, Stat_Port	  ; Get Keyboad-Status
		  test	 al, 1			  ; Input buffer empty?
		  jz  ACTION				  ;  else repeat movement
	  test	 al, 20h
	  jnz ACTION				  ; PS2-Mouse will be ignored
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;-----------------------End of main-routine----------------------------------
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
		  in	   al, Tast_Port	  ; Get key
		  cli
		  xor	  al, al			 ; IRQ 1 freigeben
		  out	  IRQs_Port, al
		  sti

		  mov	  ax, 3			  ; Text-Mode
		  int	10h
		  xor	  cl, cl			 ; No ERROR

		  mov	  ah, 1			  ; Clear Keyboard buffer
		  int	16h
;-------------------------------------
	   DB 0Fh, 0Eh					; 0Fh, 77h EMMS // 0Fh, 0Eh FEMMS
;-------------------------------------
HOME:	 mov	  al, cl			 ; Get the ERRORLEVEL
		  mov	  ah, 4Ch			; Jump back to DOS
		  int	21h
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;						 ERROR Messages
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOMODE:   mov	  cl, 1
		  mov	  dx, OFFSET ERTEX1  ; NO VESA MODE

ERROUT:   mov	  ah, 9			  ; Text ausgeben
		  int	21h
		  jmp HOME
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOLIN:	mov	  cl, 2
		  mov	  dx, OFFSET ERTEX2  ; No linear Offset
		  jmp ERROUT
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOMMX:	mov	  cl, 3
		  mov	  dx, OFFSET ERTEX3  ; No MMX-CPU
		  jmp ERROUT
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOVESA:   mov	  cl, 4
		  mov	  dx, OFFSET ERTEX4  ; No Vesa
		  jmp ERROUT
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOVESA3:  mov	  cl, 5
		  mov	  dx, OFFSET ERTEX5  ; No VESA 3
		  jmp ERROUT
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NODDC:	mov	  cl, 6
		  mov	  dx, OFFSET ERTEX6  ; No DDC
		  jmp ERROUT
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOKHZ:	mov	  cl, 7
		  mov	  dx, OFFSET ERTEX7  ; Less than 96 khz
		  jmp ERROUT
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOHZ:	 mov	  cl, 8
		  mov	  dx, OFFSET ERTEX8  ; Less than 160 hz
		  jmp ERROUT
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOCLOC:   mov	  cl, 9
		  mov	  dx, OFFSET ERTEX9  ; No Pixelcloc
		  jmp ERROUT
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;					 GDT for the Protected Mode
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/64)*64)+64
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
GDTZEIGER DW ?	 ; Lenght of the GDT
		  DW ?	 ; Adress low -Word:SEGMENTE
		  DW ?	 ; Adress high-Word:SEGMENTE
		  DW 0	 ; reserved

SEGMENTE  DW 0	 ; Bits: 0-15 Seg.lenght(Bit0-15)
		  DW 0	 ; Bits: 0-15 Basis-Adress Deskriptor-Table
		  DB 0	 ; Bits:16-23 Basis-Adress Deskriptor-Table
		  DB 0	 ; Bits: 0- 7 Access rights
		  DB 0	 ; Bits: 0- 3 Seg.lenght(Bit16-19)/Bit7:1=4KByte/0=1Byte
		  DB 0	 ; Bits:24-31 Basis-Adress Deskriptor-Table

;-------------------------------------------- Selektor	Segmente
	   DW 0FFFFh; Segmentlenght  Bits: 0-15  --------  -----------
	   DW 0	 ; Adress low	 Bits: 0-15  ¦ 08h  ¦  ¦Code (CS)¦
	   DB 0	 ; Adress high	Bits:16-23  +------+  +---------+
	   DB 9Ah   ; Access rights
	   DB 0	 ; Seg.Länge Bits:16-19 im Bit0-3 /Bit7:1=4KByte/0=1Byte
	   DB 0	 ; Seg.Adress	 Bits:24-31
;--------------------------------------------- Selektor	Segmente
	   DW 0FFFFh; Segmentlenght  Bits: 0-15  --------  ------------
	   DW 0	 ; Adress low	 Bits: 0-15  ¦ 10h  ¦  ¦Stack (SS)¦
	   DB 0	 ; Adress high	Bits:16-23  +------+  +----------+
	   DB 92h   ; Access rights
	   DB 0	 ; Seg.Lenght Bits:16-19 im Bit0-3 /Bit7:1=4KByte/0=1Byte
	   DB 0	 ; Seg.Adress	 Bits:24-31
;--------------------------------------------- Selektor	Segmente
	   DW 0FFFFh; Segmentlenght  Bits: 0-15  -------- ---------------
	   DW 0	 ; Seg.Adress	 Bits: 0-15  ¦  18h ¦ ¦(DS,ES,FS,GS)¦
	   DB 0	 ; Seg.Adress	 Bits:16-23  +------+ +-------------+
	   DB 92h   ; Access rights
	   DB 0FFh  ; Seg.Lenght Bits:16-19 im Bit0-3//Bit7:1=4KByte/0=1Byte
	   DB 0FFh  ; Seg.Adress	 Bits:24-31
;---------------------------------------------------
		SEGMENTE_END label WORD
		Gdt_Groesse equ (OFFSET SEGMENTE_END - SEGMENTE -1)
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;----------------------------Subroutines-------------------------------------
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Set for the DS(,ES,FS,GS)-Register a new segmentlenght of 00FFFFFFh.
; For that we switch into the Protected Mode und back to the (Un)Realmode.
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ESEG:	 xor	  eax, eax
		  mov	  ax, cs
		  mov	  ds, ax
		  shl	  eax, 4					   ; EAX is now physical
		  mov	  ebx, eax					 ; Segmentstartadresse
		  mov	 WORD PTR[SEGMENTE+0Ah], ax	;  into the Deskriptors
		  mov	 WORD PTR[SEGMENTE+12h], ax	;  for CS
		  ror	  eax, 10h					 ;  and SS store into
		  mov	 BYTE PTR[SEGMENTE+0Ch], al	;  the GDT
		  mov	 BYTE PTR[SEGMENTE+14h], al
		  xor	  eax, eax					 ; EAX null
		  mov	  ax, OFFSET SEGMENTE		  ; 16-Bit-Offset
		  add	  ebx, eax					 ; GDT-Adress in
		  mov	 WORD PTR[GDTZEIGER], Gdt_Groesse; GDT-Deskriptor
		  mov	 DWORD PTR[GDTZEIGER+2], ebx

		  pushf								 ; Save Flags
		  lgdt	FWORD PTR[GDTZEIGER]		  ; Load GDT
		  mov	  dx, ss					   ; Save SS
		  mov	  eax, cr0					 ; Controlword 0 to EAX
		  or	   al, 1						; Protected Mode on
		  mov	  cr0, eax
												; clear Prefetch-Buffer
		  DB  0EAh							  ; The following lines
		  DW  (OFFSET PMODE)					; create the opcode for:
		  DW  8								 ; "JMP FAR CS:PMODE"
;------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;------------------------------------------------
PMODE:	mov	  ax, 10h					  ; Limit SS-Selektor to 64KB
		  mov	  ss, ax
		  mov	  ax, 18h
		  mov	  ds, ax					   ; Enhance DS(,ES,FS,GS)-Segment
;		  mov	  es, ax					  ;  to 4 GB
;		  mov	  fs, ax
;		  mov	  gs, ax

		  mov	  eax, cr0					 ; Controlword 0 to EAX
		  and	  eax, not 1				   ; Protected Mode off
		  mov	  cr0, eax
												; Clear Prefetch-Buffer
		  DB  0EAh							  ; The following lines
		  DW  (OFFSET RMODE)					; create the opcode for:
AKTSEG	DW  (SEG RMODE)					   ; JMP FAR CS:RMODE
;------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;------------------------------------------------
RMODE:	mov	  ss, dx					   ; restore SS
		  popf								  ; get Flags
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;		   Swith  the  21. Adressbit on.
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
BIT_FREI: call W_8042		   ;-->>----------+  Wait for 8042
		  jnz BACK			  ;->--------+   ¦ 
		  mov	  al, 0D1h	 ;		  ¦   ¦  Write command
		  out	  Stat_Port, al;		  ¦   ¦
		  call W_8042		   ;   -->>---Ï---¦  Ready to recieve ?
		  jnz BACK			  ;->--------¦   ¦
		  mov	  al, 0DFh	 ;		  ¦   ¦  Yes, set line 20 on
		  out	  Tast_Port, al;		  ¦   ¦
;-------------------------------------------¦---¦---------------
;		   Wait til  the   8042 ¦   is	 ¦   ¦ ready.
;-------------------------------------------¦---¦---------------
W_8042:   xor	  cx, cx	   ;<<--------Ï---+
STATUS:   in	   al, Stat_Port;<----+	¦	  Read Status
		  and	  al, 2		;	 ¦	¦	   Buffer full ?
		  loopnz STATUS		 ;->---+	¦	  til no or timeout
BACK:	 ret				   ;<---------+
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;			Spuare Root Circle (XM,YM,COL)
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
KREIS:	mov	  eax, ecx
		  mul	  eax				; Radius * Radius
		  xor	  edi, edi		   ; Looping start
		  mov	  esi, eax
		  xor	  eax, eax

RUNDE:	mov	  ebp, esi
		  mul	  eax				; X * X
		  sub	  ebp, eax		   ; R * R - X * X
		  mov	 DWORD PTR[Y], ebp

		  fild	 [Y]				; Load Integer to ST(0)
		  fsqrt					   ; Spuare root
		  fistp	[Y]				; Integer save and pop

		  mov	  ebp, DWORD PTR[Y]
		  call HALB				   ; Set 4 Pixel
		  mov	  eax, edi		   ; Switch X with Y
		  mov	  edi, ebp
		  mov	  ebp, eax		   ; Next Axes
		  call HALB				   ; Set 4 Pixel

		  lea	  ebp, [ebp+1]	   ; inc ebp / increase Loop-Counter
		  mov	  edi, ebp		   ; Restore X
		  cmp	  ecx, ebp		   ; Radiant reached ?
		  jnz RUNDE
		  ret
;--------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;--------------------------------------
HALB:	 mov	  edx, DWORD PTR[XM] ; Right below
		  mov	  ebx, DWORD PTR[YM]
		  add	  edx, edi		   ; X-Pos
		  add	  ebx, ebp		   ; Y-Pos
		  call PIXEL
		  mov	  edx, DWORD PTR[XM] ; Left below
		  mov	  ebx, DWORD PTR[YM]
		  sub	  edx, edi		   ; X-Pos
		  add	  ebx, ebp		   ; Y-Pos
		  call PIXEL
		  mov	  edx, DWORD PTR[XM] ; Right above
		  mov	  ebx, DWORD PTR[YM]
		  add	  edx, edi		   ; X-Pos
		  sub	  ebx, ebp		   ; Y-Pos
		  call PIXEL
		  mov	  edx, DWORD PTR[XM] ; Left above
		  mov	  ebx, DWORD PTR[YM]
		  sub	  edx, edi		   ; X-Pos
		  sub	  ebx, ebp		   ; Y-Pos

PIXEL:	shl	  edx, 2			 ; X *l 4 Byte (true color)
		  add	  edx, [ebx*4]	   ; X plus line-Offset
		  mov	  ebx, DWORD PTR[COL]
		  mov	  [edx], ebx		 ; Color to the screen
		  mov	  [edx+4], ebx	   ;  and the pixel beside too
		  ret
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Create a Sprite-TABLE (Offset, Color) of the content of the screen
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABELLE:  mov	  eax, DWORD PTR[XMAX]
		  xor	  esi, esi
		  shr	  eax, 2			 ; X divide by 4 Byte (32Bit true color)
		  mov	  di, OFFSET BALL	; Table-Offset
		  mov	  esi, [esi]		 ; linear screen-Offset
		  mul	 DWORD PTR[YMAX]
		  mov	  ecx, eax

MAKETAB:  mov	  eax, [esi]		 ; Get the color of the pixel
		  and	  eax, eax		   ;  empty/black ?
		  jz  short LEER
		  mov	  [di], esi		  ; Store Sprite-Offset in Table
		  mov	  [di+4], eax		; Store Color in Table
		  lea	  di, [di+8]		 ; Increase Table-Offset (add di,8)
LEER:	 lea	  esi, [esi+4]	   ; Increase screen-Offset (add esi,4)
		  dec	  ecx
		  jnz MAKETAB
		  mov	  bp, di			 ; End of table
		  ret
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Create an Offset table of startadresses of any horizontal line of the screen
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 org START + ((($-START)/Ausri)*Ausri)+Ausri
;--------------------------------------
PIXOFF:   mov	  si, OFFSET MINF	; Get the Offset of Mode info
		  xor	  ebx, ebx
		  mov	  bx, ds			 ; Get the actual adress of the data segment
		  mov	  eax, [si+28h]	  ; Get the 32 Bit adress of the linear frambuffer
		  shl	  ebx, 4			 ; Convert Data-Segment to a 32Bit-Offset
		  xor	  di, di			 ; and substract it from the adress of the linear frambuffer
		  sub	  eax, ebx		   ; = Adress of the first line is now "ds:Reg32"
		  xor	  edx, edx
		  mov	  dx, [si+32h]	   ; Get the lenght of a line (Xmax*BytejePixel)
		  mov	  [XMAX], dx
		  mov	  cx, [si+14h]	   ; Get Ymax
		  mov	  [YMAX], cx
		  shl	  cx, 2			  ; Max_Y * 4 Byte (32Bit true color)

AGAIN:	mov	  [di], eax		  ; Store linear Offset of the framebuffer in the table
		  lea	  di, [di+4]		 ; Increase Offset of table  (add di,4)
		  add	  eax, edx		   ; Add Max_X to the address
		  cmp	  di, cx			 ;  End of Table (Max_Y*4) ?
		  jb  AGAIN
		  ret
  CODE ends

Edited by Dirk Wolfgang Glomp, 19 December 2010 - 09:54 PM.

[Dirk Wolfgang Glomp]

VESA Programming
This is the second part of the source-code(please merge it with the fist part) :

;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;						  D A T A - S e g m e n t
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  DATEN SEGMENT use32 'DATA'
 org 0
;--------------------------------------
PIXTAB DD MaxY+Ausri dup (0); Offset table of startadresses of any line of the screen(linear framebuffer)
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;							Position - Table
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SX0	DD 122, 197					; X, Y
	   DD 373, 347
	   DD 493, 276
	   DD 363, 143
	   DD 323, 316
	   DD 235, 192
	   DD 273, 226
	   DD 107, 226
	   DD 422, 373
	   DD 112, 347
	   DD 133, 266
	   DD 471, 343
	   DD 423, 366
	   DD 227, 230
	   DD 143, 157
	   DD 376, 322

	   DD 212, 101
	   DD 442, 226
	   DD 293, 129
	   DD 371, 123
	   DD 323, 325
	   DD 167, 292
	   DD 223, 172
	   DD 226, 145
	   DD 113, 222
	   DD 167, 166
	   DD 133, 134
	   DD 442, 292
	   DD 252, 270
	   DD 323, 350
	   DD 262, 374
	   DD 270, 151

	   DD 166, 213
	   DD 233, 154
	   DD 123, 222
	   DD 126, 274
	   DD 060, 257
	   DD 226, 313
	   DD 418, 177
	   DD 357, 153
	   DD 458, 270
	   DD 185, 035
	   DD 248, 113
	   DD 463, 366
	   DD 370, 132
	   DD 254, 267
	   DD 239, 134
	   DD 445, 262

	   DD 454, 334
	   DD 279, 257
	   DD 146, 323
	   DD 238, 267
	   DD 143, 134
	   DD 236, 377
	   DD 139, 334
	   DD 475, 258
	   DD 454, 154
	   DD 136, 337
	   DD 484, 253
	   DD 177, 266
	   DD 224, 143
	   DD 397, 127
	   DD 448, 345
	   DD 188, 123

	   DD 442, 332
	   DD 323, 176
	   DD 472, 123
	   DD 194, 379
	   DD 046, 124
	   DD 227, 111
	   DD 144, 124
	   DD 359, 165
	   DD 177, 246
	   DD 151, 342
	   DD 178, 168
	   DD 132, 149
	   DD 427, 236
	   DD 214, 013
	   DD 361, 345
	   DD 323, 176

	   DD 249, 336
	   DD 179, 144
	   DD 439, 123
	   DD 438, 347
	   DD 288, 248
	   DD 343, 158
	   DD 228, 346
	   DD 183, 253
	   DD 347, 288
	   DD 233, 235
	   DD 198, 286
	   DD 153, 147
	   DD 297, 273
	   DD 336, 231
	   DD 479, 150
	   DD 243, 287

	   DD 257, 165
	   DD 111, 122
	   DD 389, 258
	   DD 358, 285
	   DD 224, 127
	   DD 082, 122
	   DD 266, 311
	   DD 114, 351
	   DD 321, 275
	   DD 433, 159
	   DD 240, 154
	   DD 496, 160
	   DD 148, 038
	   DD 224, 369
	   DD 312, 134
	   DD 167, 126

	   DD 278, 173
	   DD 533, 436
	   DD 356, 291
	   DD 490, 352
	   DD 369, 111
	   DD 230, 134
	   DD 477, 177
	   DD 319, 443
	   DD 553, 399
	   DD 236, 266
	   DD 474, 130
	   DD 397, 127
	   DD 238, 169
	   DD 142, 186
	   DD 171, 383
	   DD 599, 138

	   DD 368, 437
	   DD 124, 424
	   DD 597, 259
	   DD 165, 197
	   DD 143, 270
	   DD 459, 349
	   DD 159, 459
	   DD 427, 427
	   DD 215, 135
	   DD 180, 180
	   DD 377, 377
	   DD 245, 145
	   DD 473, 173
	   DD 308, 408
	   DD 483, 283
	   DD 525, 125

	   DD 412, 312
	   DD 242, 142
	   DD 293, 293
	   DD 571, 371
	   DD 423, 323
	   DD 467, 267
	   DD 183, 283
	   DD 326, 126
	   DD 313, 413
	   DD 267, 267
	   DD 533, 133
	   DD 248, 188
	   DD 358, 458
	   DD 183, 383
	   DD 162, 162
	   DD 370, 170

	   DD 434, 134
	   DD 357, 157
	   DD 123, 123
	   DD 477, 167
	   DD 534, 134
	   DD 477, 177
	   DD 264, 124
	   DD 458, 138
	   DD 154, 244
	   DD 137, 237
	   DD 193, 353
	   DD 376, 276
	   DD 543, 443
	   DD 427, 227
	   DD 145, 345
	   DD 523, 123

	   DD 338, 158
	   DD 473, 425
	   DD 196, 283
	   DD 443, 394
	   DD 558, 343
	   DD 430, 134
	   DD 414, 362
	   DD 331, 185
	   DD 561, 232
	   DD 434, 321
	   DD 376, 255
	   DD 598, 388
	   DD 114, 145
	   DD 140, 243
	   DD 537, 189
	   DD 375, 434

	   DD 225, 257
	   DD 178, 283
	   DD 157, 125
	   DD 296, 158
	   DD 372, 435
	   DD 484, 192
	   DD 543, 134
	   DD 439, 212
	   DD 338, 166
	   DD 367, 288
	   DD 133, 143
	   DD 196, 313
	   DD 429, 124
	   DD 122, 448
	   DD 585, 127
	   DD 145, 173

	   DD 534, 134
	   DD 157, 157
	   DD 323, 323
	   DD 177, 167
	   DD 134, 134
	   DD 277, 177
	   DD 164, 134
	   DD 558, 358
	   DD 254, 154
	   DD 287, 137
	   DD 493, 153
	   DD 476, 376
	   DD 243, 143
	   DD 527, 127
	   DD 445, 245
	   DD 123, 223

	   DD 138, 258
	   DD 373, 225
	   DD 396, 383
	   DD 143, 194
	   DD 258, 443
	   DD 330, 134
	   DD 414, 262
	   DD 531, 185
	   DD 361, 132
	   DD 334, 121
	   DD 476, 155
	   DD 198, 288
	   DD 114, 145
	   DD 240, 343
	   DD 137, 389
	   DD 275, 134

	   DD 525, 157
	   DD 478, 183
	   DD 557, 325
	   DD 296, 258
	   DD 572, 135
	   DD 484, 192
	   DD 343, 134
	   DD 239, 212
	   DD 138, 266
	   DD 467, 388
	   DD 233, 143
	   DD 196, 313
	   DD 529, 174
	   DD 422, 148
	   DD 385, 157
	   DD 245, 173
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
;							  Stepper - Table
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
STEP0X DD 1, 1				 ; Number of Pixel for movement in horizontal
	   DD 1, 2				 ;  and vertical direction (Step X,Y)
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 4 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 6, 6 
	   DD 7, 5 
	   DD 8, 4 
	   DD 9, 3
	   DD 2, 8
	   DD 1, 6
	   DD 5, 2
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 4 
	   DD 3, 5 
	   DD 4, 6 

	   DD 8, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 8, 3 
	   DD 1, 9 
	   DD 9, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 7 
	   DD 6, 1 
	   DD 8, 8 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 7, 7 
	   DD 4, 1 
	   DD 2, 7 
	   DD 4, 3 
	   DD 4, 2 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 6, 2 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 4, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 4, 3 
	   DD 4, 6 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 4 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 2, 4 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 4, 5 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 4, 3 
	   DD 1, 2 

	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 4 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 4 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 4 
	   DD 4, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 4, 3 
	   DD 2, 2 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 1, 2 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 5, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 4, 1 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 3, 4 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 1, 5 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 4 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 1 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 4, 1 
	   DD 4, 3 
	   DD 4, 2 

	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 5, 3 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 5, 3 
	   DD 4, 1 
	   DD 5, 2 
	   DD 4, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 5 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 5, 1 
	   DD 1, 4 
	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 5, 2 
	   DD 3, 5 
	   DD 3, 4 
	   DD 4, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 4, 3 
	   DD 3, 5 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 1, 4 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 4 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 5, 3 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 3, 5 
	   DD 4, 3 
	   DD 1, 2 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 1, 4 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 5, 1 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 3, 4 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 4 
	   DD 4, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 4 

	   DD 1, 5 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 5, 3 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 2, 5 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 3, 5 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 4, 2 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 5, 2 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 3, 3 
	   DD 5, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 4, 2 

	   DD 1, 1 
	   DD 1, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 1, 4 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 5, 2 
	   DD 2, 3 
	   DD 2, 4 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 3, 2 
	   DD 3, 5 
	   DD 2, 1 
	   DD 3, 1 
	   DD 2, 2 
	   DD 1, 3 
	   DD 2, 2 
;----------------------
S_Len = ($-STEP0X)
;--------------------------------------
; Table of direction-flags for movement
;--------------------------------------
W0	 DB (Anzahl+1)* 8 DUP(0)		; plus(0) / minus(1) für X,Y
;--------------------------------------
BALL   DB 0CC00h dup (22h)			; Sprite-Table: Offset32, Farbe32
;--------------------------------------
PICAKT DD MaxX*4*MaxY				 ; Actual adress of the framebuffer
PICLEN DD MaxX*4*MaxY				 ; Screen lenght
PICMAX DD MaxX*4*MaxY*2			   ; Max adress
;--------------------------------------
RETTSI DW 0, 0						; I don´t like to push the SI-register on the stack
;--------------------------------------
HINFAR DD HFarb, HFarb				; Background Color
;--------------------------------------
;			C i r c l e
;--------------------------------------
Y	  DD 0						   ; Double-Word for FPU: sqr

XM	 DD 0						   ; X Position
YM	 DD 0						   ; Y Position

COL	DD 0						   ; Color

XMAX   DW 0, 0
YMAX   DW 0, 0
;--------------------------------------
EDID   DB 80h dup (55h)			   ; Buffer for DDC-Monitor-Info
;--------------------------------------
VINF   DB 512 dup (0AAh)			  ; Buffer for Vesa-Info(4F00h)
MINF   DB 256 dup (044h)			  ; Buffer for Mode Info(4F01h)
;--------------------------------------
CRTC	DW 1456					   ; Horizontal Total	   in Pixel
HORIANF DW 1122					   ; Horizontal  Sync-Start in Pixel
HORIEND DW 216						; Horizontal  Sync-End   in Pixel
VERTOTA DW 814						; Vertical   Total	   in Lines
VERTANF DW 768						; Vertical	Sync-Start in Lines
VERTEND DW 42						 ; Vertical	Sync-End   in Lines
DOIFLAG DB 04h						; Flag (interlaced,doubleScan,polarity)
PIXCLOC DD 118309000				  ; Pixel clock in hz
REFRATE DW 10000					  ; Refresh-Rate in 0.01 hz
;---------------------
		DB 40 dup (0)
;--------------------------------------
FLAG	DB 0						  ; Used for triple buffering adress switching
;--------------------------------------
ERTEX1 DB Cr, Lf, "No Video-Mode", Cr, Lf, "{:content:}quot;
ERTEX2 DB Cr, Lf, "No lineare offset", Cr, Lf, "{:content:}quot;
ERTEX3 DB Cr, Lf, "No MMX-CPU", Cr, Lf, "{:content:}quot;
ERTEX4 DB Cr, Lf, "No Vesa-Bios", Cr, Lf, "{:content:}quot;
ERTEX5 DB Cr, Lf, "No VESA 3 -Bios", Cr, Lf, "{:content:}quot;
ERTEX6 DB Cr, Lf, "No DDC", Cr, Lf, "{:content:}quot;
ERTEX7 DB Cr, Lf, "Less than 96 khz", Cr, Lf, "{:content:}quot;
ERTEX8 DB Cr, Lf, "Less than 160 hz", Cr, Lf, "{:content:}quot;
ERTEX9 DB Cr, Lf, "No pixelcloc", Cr, Lf, "{:content:}quot;
;--------------------------------------
  DATEN ends
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 STAPEL SEGMENT use16 STACK 'STACK'
	   DB 10h dup (0)
 STAPEL ends
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 end

Dirk

Edited by Dirk Wolfgang Glomp, 19 December 2010 - 09:59 PM.

[Dirk Wolfgang Glomp]

Difficulty?
VESA Programming

Replying to zomo Is it possible to put this completely in assembly code without any PASCAL defines. (or at least a simple executable - ie a working example). Most people experience the same problem when using VESA modes. By changing the resolution The image squashes into the top area of the screen. What most people want to know is how to move a pixel about by changing the x y values only, and having the pixel respond accordingly on the screen, in the different resolution modes, with simplicity and control. -question by DENE

Vesa function 0 fill our buffer with the vesa-info. Inside of this vesa-buffer we found a pointer to the vesa-modetable. The modetable contains all aviable vesa-modenumbers(of the used vesa-bios).
In the end of the modetable we found 0FFFFh.

INT 10 - VESA SuperVGA BIOS (VBE) - GET SuperVGA INFORMATION
	 AX = 4F00h
	 ES:DI -> buffer for SuperVGA information (see #00077)
 Return: AL = 4Fh if function supported
	 AH = status
		 00h successful
		 ES:DI buffer filled
		 01h failed
		 ---VBE v2.0---
		 02h function not supported by current hardware configuration
		 03h function invalid in current video mode
 Desc:	determine whether VESA BIOS extensions are present and the capabilities
	   supported by the display adapter
 SeeAlso: AX=4E00h,AX=4F01h,AX=7F00h"SOLLEX",AX=A00Ch
 Index:	installation check;VESA SuperVGA
 
 Format of SuperVGA information:
 Offset	Size	Description	(Table 00077)
  00h  4 BYTEs	(ret) signature ("VESA")
		 (call) VESA 2.0 request signature ("VBE2"), required to receive
		   version 2.0 info
  04h	WORD	VESA version number (one-digit minor version -- 0102h = v1.2)
  06h	DWORD	pointer to OEM name
		 "761295520" for ATI
  0Ah	DWORD	capabilities flags (see #00078)
  0Eh	DWORD	pointer to list of supported VESA and OEM video modes
		 (list of words terminated with FFFFh)
  12h	WORD	total amount of video memory in 64K blocks
 ---VBE v1.x ---
  14h 236 BYTEs	reserved
 ---VBE v2.0 ---
  14h	WORD	OEM software version (BCD, high byte = major, low byte = minor)
  16h	DWORD	pointer to vendor name
  1Ah	DWORD	pointer to product name
  1Eh	DWORD	pointer to product revision string
  22h	WORD	(if capabilities bit 3 set) VBE/AF version (BCD)
		 0100h for v1.0P
  24h	DWORD	(if capabilities bit 3 set) pointer to list of supported
		   accelerated video modes (list of words terminated with FFFFh)
  28h 216 BYTEs	reserved for VBE implementation
 100h 256 BYTEs	OEM scratchpad (for OEM strings, etc.)
 Notes:	the list of supported video modes is stored in the reserved portion of
	   the SuperVGA information record by some implementations, and it may
	   thus be necessary to either copy the mode list or use a different
	   buffer for all subsequent VESA calls
	 the 1.1 VESA document specifies 242 reserved bytes at the end, so the
	   buffer should be 262 bytes to ensure that it is not overrun; for
	   v2.0, the buffer should be 512 bytes
	 the S3 specific video modes will most likely follow the FFFFh
	   terminator at the end of the standard modes.	A search must then
	   be made to find them, FFFFh will also terminate this second list
	 in some cases, only a "stub" VBE may be present, supporting only
	   AX=4F00h; this case may be assumed if the list of supported video
	   modes is empty (consisting of a single word of FFFFh)
 
 Bitfields for VESA capabilities:
 Bit(s)	Description	(Table 00078)
  0	DAC can be switched into 8-bit mode
  1	non-VGA controller
  2	programmed DAC with blank bit (i.e. only during blanking interval)
  3	controller supports VBE/AF v1.0P extensions
  4	(VBE/AF) must call EnableDirectAccess to access framebuffer
  5	(VBE/AF) controller supports hardware mouse cursor
  6	(VBE/AF) controller supports hardware clipping
  7	(VBE/AF) controller supports transparent BitBLT
  8-31	reserved (0)
 SeeAlso: #00077,AX=4F09h

With the vesamodenumber and with the vesa function 1 we can get the modeinfo of the mode in a second buffer.
In this modeinfo-buffer we can find the resolution of the mode. Buffer+12h = X (horizontal) and Buffer+14h = Y (vertical).

Format of VESA SuperVGA mode information:
   -----------------------------------------
   Offset	Size	Description	(Table 0065)
   --------------------------------------------
	00h	WORD	mode attributes (see #0066)
	02h	BYTE	window attributes, window A (see #0067)
	03h	BYTE	window attributes, window B (see #0067)
	04h	WORD	window granularity in KB
	06h	WORD	window size in KB
	08h	WORD	start segment of window A
	0Ah	WORD	start segment of window B
	0Ch	DWORD	-> FAR window positioning function (equivalent to AX=4F05h)
	10h	WORD	bytes per scan line
   ---remainder is optional for VESA modes in v1.0/1.1, needed for OEM modes---
	12h	WORD	width in pixels (graphics) or characters (text)
	14h	WORD	height in pixels (graphics) or characters (text)
	16h	BYTE	width of character cell in pixels
	17h	BYTE	height of character cell in pixels
	18h	BYTE	number of memory planes
	19h	BYTE	number of bits per pixel
	1Ah	BYTE	number of banks
	1Bh	BYTE	memory model type (see #0068)
	1Ch	BYTE	size of bank in KB
	1Dh	BYTE	number of image pages
	1Eh	BYTE	reserved (0)
   ---VBE v1.2+---
	1Fh	BYTE	red mask size
	20h	BYTE	red field position
	21h	BYTE	green mask size
	22h	BYTE	green field size
	23h	BYTE	blue mask size
	24h	BYTE	blue field size
	25h	BYTE	reserved mask size
	26h	BYTE	reserved mask position
	27h	BYTE	direct color mode info
		   bit 0: color ramp is programmable
		   bit 1: bytes in reserved field may be used by application
   ---VBE v2.0 ---
	28h	DWORD	physical address of linear video buffer
	2Ch	DWORD	pointer to start of offscreen memory
	30h	WORD	KB of offscreen memory
   ---VBE v3.0 ---
	32h	WORD	bytes per scan line
	34h	BYTE
	35h	BYTE
	36h	BYTE
	37h	BYTE
	38h	BYTE
	39h	BYTE
	3Ah	BYTE
	3Bh	BYTE
	3Ch	BYTE
	3Dh	BYTE
	3Eh	DWORD   max. Pixel clock
   -----------------------------------
	42h	BYTE	189 dup(0) reserved
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bitfields for VESA SuperVGA mode attributes:
   Bit(s)	Description	(Table 0066)
	0	mode supported
	1	optional information available
	2	BIOS output supported
	3	set if color, clear if monochrome
	4	set if graphics mode, clear if text mode
   ---VBE v2.0 ---
	5	mode is not VGA-compatible
	6	bank-switched mode not supported
	7	linear framebuffer mode supported
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bitfields for VESA SuperVGA window attributes:
   Bit(s)	Description	(Table 0067)
	0	exists
	1	readable
	2	writable
	3-7	reserved
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (Table 0068)
   Values for VESA SuperVGA memory model type:
	00h	text
	01h	CGA graphics
	02h	HGC graphics
	03h	16-color (EGA) graphics
	04h	packed pixel graphics
	05h	"sequ 256" (non-chain 4) graphics
	06h	direct color (HiColor, 24-bit color)
	07h	YUV (luminance-chrominance, also called YIQ)
	08h-0Fh reserved for VESA
	10h-FFh OEM memory models

Dirk

[Dirk Wolfgang Glomp]

No need to use their standards, just use interrupt 10h to do that, I show you how to program VESA 1.2 because VESA 2.0 is protected mode programing.

Only a few vesa function is for the protected mode(PM) only. So it is not possible to set a vesamode using the PM.
But it is possible to use most VESA 3 function in the realmode(RM). VESA 3 provide vesamodi with own refreshrate that can be used also in banked mode.
Linear Vesamodi can also be used with EMS-memory-manager within the RM or the Unrealmode/Bigrealmode/Flatrealmode(without a memory-manager).

Dirk

Edited by Dirk Wolfgang Glomp, 21 December 2010 - 08:05 AM.

[Dirk Wolfgang Glomp]

THE LINE IN THE DATA CODE IS TOO LONG

PIXTAB DD MaxY+Ausri dup (0); Offset table of startadresses of any line of the screen(linear framebuffer)

LINE TO LONG

DOES NOT COMPILE...

SO SHORTEN THIS LINE

PIXTAB DD MaxY+Ausri dup (0); Offset...

THEN IT COMPILES

The text after a semicolon is a comment only for us and will be ignored from the assembler.

OBJECT CODE is only 1kb though....looks like something went wrong?

EOF file encountered

SO IT DOES NOT LINK

with link /cp

ERROR illegal parameters

This is a command line parameter of the 16 bit link.exe from masm 5.1.
(We can remove all parameter.)

16 bit linker:
Microsoft ® Segmented Executable Linker Version 5.60.339 Dec 5 1994
http://download.micr...N-US/Lnk563.exe

CAN YOU SUPPLY THE EXECUTABLE FILE?

ALSO CODE IS use16 BIT and DATA use32 BIT ???

I think this fit the start address of the data segment on an boundary of 4 byte instead of only 2 byte
for a data ailgment with an 32 bit access reading and writing within the data segment.

I WILL TRY TO DEBUG THE WORKING EXAMPLE!

THANK YOU

From my homepage:
Mode info: http://www.alice-dsl...ol/VESAMODI.zip (2576 bytes)
Demo: http://www.alice-dsl...ool/Neutrip.zip (12739 bytes)

Dirk